Modeling irregular small bodies gravity field via extreme learning machines and Bayesian optimization

Close proximity operations around small bodies are extremely challenging due to their uncertain dynamical environment. Autonomous guidance and navigation around small bodies require fast and accurate modeling of the gravitational field for potential on-board computation. In this paper, we investigate a model-based, data-driven approach to compute and predict the gravitational acceleration around irregular small bodies. More specifically, we employ Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) theories to design, train and validate Single-Layer Feedforward Networks (SLFN) capable of learning the relationship between the spacecraft position and the gravitational acceleration. ELM-base neural networks are trained without iterative tuning therefore dramatically reducing the training time. Analysis of performance in constant density models for asteroid 25143 Itokawa and comet 67/P Churyumov-Gerasimenko show that ELM-based SLFN are able learn the desired functional relationship both globally and in selected localized areas near the surface. The latter results in a robust neural algorithm for on-board, real-time calculation of the gravity field needed for guidance and control in close-proximity operations near the asteroid surface.     

柔性支撑控制力矩陀螺动力学建模与控制

针对柔性支撑引起控制力矩陀螺(CMG)框架控制性能下降的问题，建立了柔性支撑条件下控制力矩陀螺的动力学模型，分析了柔性支撑扰动力矩的耦合机理并给出了解析模型.据此，设计了一种积分滑模控制策略，用于提升对CMG框架动力学特性变化和新增扰动力矩的鲁棒性.仿真结果表明，该控制策略相比传统的PID控制具有更好的动态过程和稳态性能，提升了柔性支撑下控制力矩陀螺框架速度的闭环控制性能.     

Multi-state autonomous drilling for lunar exploration

Due to the lack of information of subsurface lunar regolith stratification which varies along depth, the drilling device may encounter lunar soil and lunar rock randomly in the drilling process. To meet the load safety requirements of unmanned sampling mission under limited orbital resources, the control strategy of autonomous drilling should adapt to the indeterminable lunar environments. Based on the analysis of two types of typical drilling media (i.e., lunar soil and lunar rock), this paper proposes a multi-state control strategy for autonomous lunar drilling. To represent the working circumstances in the lunar subsurface and reduce the complexity of the control algo-rithm, lunar drilling process was categorized into three drilling states:the interface detection, initi-ation of drilling parameters for recognition and drilling medium recognition. Support vector machine (SVM) and continuous wavelet transform were employed for the online recognition of dril-ling media and interface, respectively. Finite state machine was utilized to control the transition among different drilling states. To verify the effectiveness of the multi-state control strategy, drilling experiments were implemented with multi-layered drilling media constructed by lunar soil simulant and lunar rock simulant. The results reveal that the multi-state control method is capable of detect-ing drilling state variation and adjusting drilling parameters timely under vibration interferences. The multi-state control method provides a feasible reference for the control of extraterrestrial autonomous drilling.     

数控机床及工装的发展与创新设计

在现代数控加工中,由于被加工件的精度要求以及复杂度不断提高,传统加工系统无法满足使用需求,为解决这一问题,数字控制系统的核心算法以及驱动系统得到了快速发展,一些创新机构也应用到了数控机床的整机结构设计中.这些解决措施大幅提升了被加工件的精度和表面质量,促进了市场上一系列新型数控机床的出现,如复合机床、镜像铣削机床等,与之配合的新型加工工装技术也取得了相应的突破.     

DME Interference mitigation for L-DACS1 based on system identification and sparse representation

L-band digital aeronautical communication system 1 (L-DACS1) is a promising candi-date data-link for future air-ground communication, but it is severely interfered by the pulse pairs (PPs) generated by distance measure equipment. A novel PP mitigation approach is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a deformed PP detection (DPPD) method that combines a filter bank, correlation detection, and rescanning is proposed to detect the deformed PPs (DPPs) which are caused by mul-tiple filters in the receiver. Secondly, a finite impulse response (FIR) model is used to approximate the overall characteristic of filters, and then the waveform of DPP can be acquired by the original waveform of PP and the FIR model. Finally, sparse representation is used to estimate the position and amplitude of each DPP, and then reconstruct each DPP. The reconstructed DPPs will be sub-tracted from the contaminated signal to mitigate interference. Numerical experiments show that the bit error rate performance of our approach is about 5 dB better than that of recent works and is closer to interference-free environment.     

气动钣金快速成形机的研制

针对电动钣金成形机制造成本高、效率低、易产生死点的问题,提出一种采用气液增力装置代替液压传动系统的气动钣金成形机设计方案。气液增力装置采用精密气压转换阀控制,实现行程平稳控制和加工成形过程平稳加载,显著提高了生产效率;配套研制的多种无齿收缩成形模具,可加工不同形状钣金件并获得更好的表面质量。该技术在钣金快速成形方面的研究处于国内领先水平,已获得3项国家专利。     

分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机设计与分析

分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机由于转矩密度高、弱磁性能好、齿槽转矩小和效率高等特点,广泛应用于航空航天、电动汽车等领域。本文研究了机载雷达伺服系统用分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机,建立了电机的解析模型,分析了长径比、裂比、磁密系数等设计参数对电机性能的影响规律。结果表明,电机的输出转矩和质量分别与定子外径D3os,D2os成正比,绕组端部比重与长径比λ成反比,综合转矩密度和绕组端部比重两个因素,λ宜在0.2~0.4范围内选择。当定子裂比γ增加时,转矩密度先增大后减小,为使转矩密度最大,γ宜在0.6~0.8范围内选择。当磁密系数χ增加时,输出转矩先增大后减小,为使输出转矩最大,χ宜设计在1.75附近。基于理论分析和仿真计算,文中设计并加工了一台45槽38极分数槽集中绕组永磁同步电机,最后通过实验测试了其性能。     

某型直升机维修保障能力生成模式研究

某型直升机是陆航部队近年来新装备的主力作战机型,目前正处于装备部队初期的故障高发阶段,而部队有限的装备维修保障能力直接制约了该型机战斗力的形成。本文结合前期对某型直升机的自身技术特点及其装备维修保障的研究,综合使用单位反映的各种问题,深入剖析了制约其维修保障能力形成的原因,以期为后续新装备快速形成装备维修保障能力提供借鉴。     

线性摩擦焊设备的振动测量和分析

针对线性摩擦焊设备焊接误差较大的问题，采用参数记录系统和加速度传感器测量了设备多个部位的振动幅度，并设计了高刚度顶锻滑台，为线性摩擦焊设备优化结构设计、减小振动以提高焊接精度提供了参考。     

动态保障结构下多级多层备件配置优化建模

针对作战编队执行长时间、远距离任务期间,编队后方保障站点变更的情况,结合部队维修保障的特点,基于可修复备件多级管理(METRIC)理论,通过计算编队剩余备件分布规律,建立了动态保障体系结构下基于时变可用度的三级两层备件保障模型。以备件储存空间为约束,可用度为目标,建立了分阶段边际优化模型。列举实例,采用分阶段边际算法对备件方案进行优化,对比分析了动态保障结构下和固定保障结构下装备可用度随时间的变化,并采用蒙特卡罗仿真方法对案例进行实验验证。案例结果表明:采取多个后方站点的保障方式能有效提高装备可用度;案例仿真实验结果与解析结果误差在4%以内。模型可为保障决策者制定备件方案提供辅助决策工具。